Dermatoglyphic traits of brazilian golfers / Traços dermatoglíficos dos golfistas brasileiros

ABSTRACT Played all over the world, golf has gained popularity, for it is a sport that depends on individual abilities. For this reason the search for tools that aim to seek and guide its respective talented players has become very important. Therefore, this study had the objective of comparing the distribution of the dermatoglyphic indicators of high performance golfers and of a group control of non-athletes. The sample was composed of 46 individuals with paired age and gender, divided into two groups: the Group Golf (GG), composed of 23 golfers, and the Group Control (GC), composed of 23 individuals control randomly selected. The golfers, part of the Project Golf Brazil of the Brazilian Golf Confederation, were between 11 and 21 years old. The results demonstrated that the number of lines in the pattern was of six possible variables of fingerprint (MESQL1, MESQL2, MESQL4, MESQL5, SQTLE, SQTL) is significantly higher in the golfers (GG) when compared to the group control (GC). When observed the qualitative variables, i. e., the pattern type, significant diferences where observed between the groups, since the golfers (GG) presented more Radial Loops (RL) in MDT5 when compared to the group control (GC). The results found in this study demonstrated that the dermatoglyphic profile of high performance golfers differ from the non-athlete population.

RESUMO Jogado em todo o mundo, o golfe está ganhando popularidade, sendo um esporte que depende das habilidades individuais, tornando-se importante a busca por ferramentas que visem buscar e orientar seus respectivos talentos. O presente estudo teve por objetivo comparar a distribuição dos indicadores dermatoglíficos de golfistas de alto rendimento e de um grupo controle de não atletas. A amostra foi composta por 46 indivíduos com idade e sexo pareados, divididos em dois grupos: o Grupo Golf (GG), composto por 23 golfistas e o Grupo Controle (GC), composto por 23 indivíduos controle aleatoriamente selecionados. Os golfistas, parte do Projeto Golf Brasil da Confederação Brasileira de Golfe, tinham idade entre 11 e 21 anos. Os resultados demonstram que o número de linhas no padrão de seis possíveis variáveis de impressão digital (MESQL1, MESQL2, MESQL4, MESQL5, SQTLE, SQTL) é maior nos golfistas (GG) quando comparado ao grupo controle (GC). Quando observadas as variáveis qualitativas, ou seja, o tipo de figura, observaram-se diferenças significativas entre os grupos, visto que os Golfistas (GG) apresentaram maior quantidade de Presilha Radial (LR) no MDT5 quando comparados ao grupo controle (GC). Os resultados encontrados neste estudo demonstraram que o perfil dermatoglífico de golfistas de alto rendimento difere da população não atleta.

Flexor Carpi Radialis Tendon Rupture due to Repetitive Golf Swing

Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) muscle is located in the forearm anteriorly that runs through a synovial fibro-osseous tunnel in the forearm. We described a case of FCR tendon rupture due to repetitive overuse injury. A 55-year-old man, right-hand dominant, presented with right forearm pain and swelling which started 3 days ago while playing amateur golf. Focal tenderness and bruising over volo-ulnar region of the right forearm were examined. Plain radiographs showed soft tissue edema around lesion area and no detectable fracture. Ultrasonography showed multiple hypoechoic lesions suspected as hematoma of the flexor muscle group. After done magnetic resonance imaging, he was diagnosed with rupture of FCR tendon at proximal origin and strain of flexor digitorum superficialis and palmaris longus muscle. He received compressive dressing and restriction of wrist range of motion for three weeks. Two months later, remaining traces of lesions were observed at the follow-up ultrasonography and the pain disappeared.

Prevalence of Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Diseases and Disability among Fruit Tree Farmers in Korea: Cross-Sectional Study

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of upper extremity musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases and to identify factors influencing disability among fruit tree farmers in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 1150 subjects of the Namgaram study, 460 fruit tree farmers completed a questionnaire and underwent clinical evaluations, including physical assessments, laboratory tests, simple radiographic examinations, and magnetic resonance imaging studies of the upper extremities. Disability was assessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand outcome measure. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and regression analyses using SPSS Win 24.0. RESULTS: The prevalences of upper extremity MSK diseases were 60.4% for rotator cuff tear, 20.9% for golf elbow, 40.9% for tennis elbow, and 58.0% for hand osteoarthritis. Disability in fruit farmers was associated with female sex (B=−4.47, p<0.001), smoking (B=−4.00, p=0.026), depression (B=2.83, p<0.001), working hours (B=0.96, p=0.001), injuries of the arms (B=10.78, p<0.001) and shoulders (B=6.75, p<0.001), and numbers of upper extremity MSK diseases (B=2.02, p=0.001), with 26.5% of the variance explained (R2=0.265, Durbin-Watson test=1.81, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Fruit tree farmers remain at risk for MSK diseases of the upper extremities. Disability tended to worsen with more MSK diseases. It is necessary to not only educate farmers about prevention strategies, but also to develop an effective management system for agricultural work-related MSK diseases and a surveillance system at the government level for the health problems of farmers.

Golf Swing Rotational Velocity: The Essential Follow-Through

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if shoulder and pelvic angular velocities differ at impact or peak magnitude between professional and amateur golfers. Golf swing rotational biomechanics are a key determinant of power generation, driving distance, and injury prevention. We hypothesize that shoulder and pelvic angular velocities would be highly consistent in professionals. METHODS: Rotational velocities of the upper-torso and pelvis throughout the golf swing and in relation to phases of the golf swing were examined in 11 professionals and compared to 5 amateurs using three-dimensional motion analysis. RESULTS: Peak rotational velocities of professionals were highly consistent, demonstrating low variability (coefficient of variation [COV]), particularly upper-torso rotational velocity (COV=0.086) and pelvic rotational velocity (COV=0.079) during down swing. Peak upper-torso rotational velocity and peak X-prime, the relative rotational velocity of uppertorso versus pelvis, occurred after impact in follow-through, were reduced in amateurs compared to professionals (p=0.005 and p=0.005, respectively) and differentiated professionals from most (4/5) amateurs. In contrast, peak pelvic rotational velocity occurred in down swing. Pelvic velocity at impact was reduced in amateurs compared to professionals (p=0.019) and differentiated professionals from most (4/5) amateurs. CONCLUSION: Golf swing rotational velocity of professionals was consistent in pattern and magnitude, offering benchmarks for amateurs. Understanding golf swing rotational biomechanics can guide swing modifications to help optimize performance and prevent injury.

Golf-related Spine and Lower Extremity Injury / 대한스포츠의학회지

Golf is a popular worldwide sport played regardless of skill level, age, and sex. This characteristic is a major part of appeal. However, the golf swing involves a large range of motion and large forces of whole body and it is associated with a significant number of injuries. Lower back and upper extremity has similarly high injury incidence and followed by lower extremity. Knee, especially anterior cruciate ligament, can be serious in lower extremity injury. Poor swing mechanics and overuse are frequently related. However, injuries are also sustained from hitting the ground or being hit by a golf ball or club.

Golf-related Injury: Upper Extremity / 대한스포츠의학회지

Golf has become an increasingly popular sport worldwide. Although often perceived as a leisurely activity, golf can be a demanding sport, which can result in injury, usually from variety of reasons. While the majority of injuries in golf are attributable to overuse, acute traumatic injuries can also occur. As the body is directly linked to the golf club, the upper extremities are especially prone to injury. This article focuses on the upper extremity injuries in golf, including a discussion of the epidemiology, cause, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of injuries occurring in shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand.

Features of Golf-Related Shoulder Pain in Korean Amateur Golfers

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the causes and characteristics of golf-related shoulder injuries in Korean amateur golfers. METHODS: Golf-related surveys were administered to, and ultrasonography were conducted on, 77 Korean amateur golfers with golf-related shoulder pain. The correlation between the golf-related surveys and ultrasonographic findings were investigated. RESULTS: The non-dominant shoulder is more likely to have golf-related pain and abnormal findings on ultrasonography than is the dominant shoulder. Supraspinatus muscle tear was the most frequent type of injury on ultrasonography, followed by subscapularis muscle tear. Investigation of the participants' golf-related habits revealed that only the amount of time spent practicing golf was correlated with supraspinatus muscle tear. No correlation was observed between the most painful swing phases and abnormal ultrasonographic findings. Participants who had not previously visited clinics were more likely to present with abnormal ultrasonographic findings, and many of the participants complained of additional upper limb pain. CONCLUSION: Golf-related shoulder injuries and pain are most likely to be observed in the non-dominant shoulder. The supraspinatus muscle was the most susceptible muscle to damage. A correlation was observed between time spent practicing golf and supraspinatus muscle tear.

Locked-in Syndrome Performed Endovascular Treatment for Vertebral Artery Dissection and Basilar Artery Occlusion Caused by a Golf Swing

No abstract available.

Occurrence of Brown Blight Caused by Waitea circinata var. zeae on Cool Season Turfgrass in Korea

In 2010, disease symptoms, including necrotic lesions on stems and leaves with circular yellow-brown or irregular brown color patches, were observed on cool-season turfgrass at golf courses (OHCC) and the Daegu University research farm in Gyeongbuk, Korea. We isolated the causal agent and identified it as Waitea circinata var. zeae by morphological characterization and molecular analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of brown patch caused by W. circinata var. zeae on cool-season turfgrass in Korea.

Hamate Hook Fracture with Flexor Tendon Ruptures as a Golf Injury

PURPOSE: We report surgical results and the relationship between hamate hook fracture and flexor tendon rupture occurred during excessive golf practice or rounding. METHODS: The 16 cases of patients with fracture of hamate hook or flexor tendon injury caused by golf swing were examined retrospectively. Hamate hook excision were underwent in fracture alone, flexor tendon reconstruction with tendon transfer of 3rd or 4th flexor digitorum sublimus (FDS) were done in the flexor tendon rupture. Postoperative results were evaluated by means of American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH) to compare total range of motion and the grip strength. RESULTS: The fracture gap was not far apart completely in computed tomography (CT) of hamate fracture alone cases. If the flexor tendon rupture with the fracture, the gap in CT was far apart completely. After flexor tendon transfer surgery, two cases were excellent, five cases were good, two cases were fair in ASSH assessment. One case was re-rupture. Grip strength as compared with the normal side was observed for the mean grip strength of 82% recovery. CONCLUSION: The instability of the hamate hook fracture affected to flexor tendon rupture rather than location of the fracture. Hamate hook excision and tendon transfer with FDS can be a good treatment option.

Percutaneous Transpedicular Interbody Fusion Technique in Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Stabilization for Pseudoarthrosis Following Pyogenic Spondylitis

This report introduces a percutaneous transpedicular interbody fusion (PTPIF) technique in posterior stabilization using percutaneous pedicle screws (PPSs). An 81-year-old man presented with pseudoarthrosis following pyogenic spondylitis 15 months before. Although no relapse of infection was found, he complained of obstinate low back pain and mild neurological symptoms. Radiological evaluations showed a pseudoarthrosis following pyogenic spondylitis at T11–12. Posterior stabilization using PPSs from Th9 to L2 and concomitant PTPIF using autologous iliac bone graft at T11–12 were performed. Low back pain and neurological symptoms were immediately improved after surgery. A solid interbody fusion at T11–12 was completed 9 months after surgery. The patient had no restriction of daily activity and could play golf at one year after surgery. PTPIF might be a useful option for perform segmental fusion in posterior stabilization using PPSs.

Improving performance in golf: current research and implications from a clinical perspective

ABSTRACTGolf, a global sport enjoyed by people of all ages and abilities, involves relatively long periods of low intensity exercise interspersed with short bursts of high intensity activity. To meet the physical demands of full swing shots and the mental and physical demands of putting and walking the course, it is frequently recommended that golfers undertake golf-specific exercise programs. Biomechanics, motor learning, and motor control research has increased the understanding of the physical requirements of the game, and using this knowledge, exercise programs aimed at improving golf performance have been developed. However, while it is generally accepted that an exercise program can improve a golfer's physical measurements and some golf performance variables, translating the findings from research into clinical practice to optimise an individual golfer's performance remains challenging. This paper discusses how biomechanical and motor control research has informed current practice and discusses how emerging sophisticated tools and research designs may better assist golfers improve their performance.

Effects of Auditory Information and Expertise on the Kinematic Variables of Lower Extremity during Golf Iron Swing / 대한스포츠의학회지

The purpose of this study was to examine kinematic variables in golf swing depending on auditory information and expertise. The subjects were semi-professional 5 golfers and amateur 5 golfers. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measures using SPSS program. The results were followed. The angular displacement of the shoulder joint's right was significant that skilled and unskilled group were according to the swing the most phase in the metronome. Unskilled group was significant difference to swing with the music performed in 4 phases. Angular displacement of the hip joint's right was significant difference that skilled group was to swing in all phases and unskilled group was showed significant differences in the 3 phase. Angular displacement of the hip joint's left was significant difference that skilled group in all phases except for two phase. Unskilled group was significant differences in all phases. The angular displacement of knee joint's right were significant difference that skilled group was to swing in all phases. Unskilled group was showed except for 1 phase a significant difference was found in all phases. The angular displacement of knee joint's left were significant difference that skilled group and unskilled group showed significant differences in all phases. The angular displacement of ankle joint's right and left ankle joint were significant differences, both skilled and unskilled group in all aspects. Consequently, efficient golf swing may affect that the accuracy considered over the regular rhythmic auditory training methods that provide auditory information.

Pulsatile Tinnitus due to Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistula after Head Trauma by a Golf Ball / 대한이비인후과학회지

Diagnosis of traumatic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is usually delayed because it takes time to be enlarged enough to emerge radiologically or because symptoms occur a few months after the trauma. A 56-year-old woman presented with a newly developed tinnitus immediately after a head trauma. Pulsatile high-frequency tinnitus was heard also by examiner and recorded using a transcanal microphone. Angiography revealed an intracranial dural AVF fed by the middle meningeal artery, draining the superior sagittal sinus on the affected side. After percutaneous transarterial embolization, tinnitus successfully disappeared. The clinical presentation, radiologic and angiographic features, and management are discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pulsatile tinnitus caused by AVF developed immediately after a trauma. We emphasize that precise physical examination, laboratory tests, and appropriate radiographic imaging are essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment when a patient presents with pulsatile tinnitus, especially after a head trauma.

Clinics in diagnostic imaging (156). Golf-induced hamate hook fracture

The wrist is a common site of injury and the most frequently injured body part among professional golfers. A 37-year-old, right-handed male golfer presented with pain at the ulnar aspect of his left palm, which grew worse after an initial traumatic impact from the golf club handle. There was tenderness over the hypothenar eminence of the left palm. Computed tomography of the left wrist showed an undisplaced fracture through the base of the hamate hook. The golf-induced hamate hook fracture was managed conservatively, with cessation of physical activity involving the left hand and wrist for eight weeks. The patient made a full recovery. Repetitive trauma, exacerbated by improper wrist motion, leads to typical wrist injuries affecting golfers, such as ulnar impaction syndrome, de Quervain's disease, and tendinopathy affecting the flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris, all of which can be diagnosed on imaging.

Characteristics of Sleep Patterns in Korean Women Golfers / 수면정신생리

INTRODUCTION: Sleep has numerous important physiological and cognitive functions that may be particularly important to elite athletes. Sleep deprivation can have significant effects on athletic performance. However, there are few published data related to the amount of sleep obtained by elite athletes. We investigated sleep patterns of Korean women golfers using sleep-related questionnaires. METHODS: For this study, 98 Korean university women golfers and 46 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. All subjects were asked to complete the self-administered sleep questionnaire consisting of questions about habitual sleep patterns (sleep onset time, sleep latency, awakening time in the morning, day time napping time), exercise habits, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), validation of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS: The sleep onset time was significantly earlier (pm 23 : 05 +/- 00 : 52 and 00 : 14 +/- 00 : 51 ; t = 5.287, p < 0.001), the waking time was later (am 07 : 21 +/- 01 : 09 and 6 : 35 +/- 00 : 32; t = -2.715, p = 0.008), the weekday total sleep time was greater (417.77 +/- 78.18 minute and 351.52 +/- 77.83 minute ; t = 4.406, p = 0.001), and the daytime nap time was greater (77.73 +/- 41.28 minute and 20.22 +/- 33.03 minute ; t = 7.623, p < 0.001) in the golf athletes compared to the controls. The PSQI scores were significantly lower, but estimated sleep latency and ESS, ISS, PSS, and BAI scores were not different among the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that Korean university women golfers have good sleep patterns resulting in no difference in sleep-related stress compared to age- and sex-matched control students.

Effects of Distance and Accuracy on Visual Search in Golf Putting / 대한스포츠의학회지

The purpose of this study was to examine the eye movement depending on putting distance and accuracy in golf putting. The subjects were semi-professional 5 golfers. Golfers had performed golf putting on 2 m and 15 m distances. Visual search had used in order to examine the eye movement in success and failure of putting by eye tracker (Dikablis 2.0). During golf putting, eye movement analysis had analyzed on the ball and the hole of putting distance and accuracy. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measures using SPSS ver. 15.0 program. Visual search to distance and accuracy on ball were as followed. Duration was significant differences in putting distance. Number of glances was significant differences in accuracy. Percentaged glance proportion was significant differences in putting distance. Glance frequency was significant differences in putting distance. Visual search to distance and accuracy on hole were followed. Total glance time and number of glances were significant differences in putting distance. Mean glance duration was significant differences in putting distance, accuracy, and between interaction. Percentaged glance proportion was significant differences in putting distance and between interaction. Maximal glance duration was significant differences in putting distance, accuracy, and between interaction. Minimal glance duration was significant differences in accuracy, and between interaction. Glance frequency was significant differences in between interaction. This study will be expected to be utilized for putting performance improvement as a basis for developing an exercise program.

O ethos inglês e a identidade local: o cricket e o golfe em Cabo Verde / The English ethos and the local identity: the cricket and the golf in Cape Verde

Em Cabo Verde, podemos identificar que precocemente se estabeleceram as bases da organização do campo esportivo: foi significativo o número de agremiações fundadas entre o quartel final do século XIX e as décadas iniciais do século XX. Partindo do princípio de que a experiência do arquipélago constitui-se em tema interessante para refletir sobre a difusão do esporte pelo mundo, esse artigo tem por objetivo discutir a conformação do campo esportivo em Cabo Verde, especificamente do cricket e do golfe, relacionando-os tanto à influência estrangeira/britânica quanto a movimentos identitários locais.

In Cape Verde, we can identify early the organization of the sports field: there was a significant number of associations founded between the end of 19th century and 20th century beginning. Assuming that the experience of the archipelago is an interesting topic to think about spreading the sport around the world, this article aims to discuss the conformation of the sports field in Cape Verde, especially cricket and golf, relating it both to foreign/British influence as the local identity movements.

O esporte e a invenção de tradições nocontinente africano: o caso do golfe em Cabo Verde / The sport and the invention of traditions in African continent: the case of golf in Cabo Verde

Nesse estudo não adotamos a compreensão de que, no continente africano, práticas tradicionais são necessariamente manifestações “tribais” ou que antecedem a chegada do colonizador. Consideramos que, em muitos casos, a ideia de tradição está mesmo relacionada à construção de representações mobilizadas em processos de consolidação de identidades nacionais. Partindo dessa consideração, o objetivo desse artigo é discutir como uma modalidade esportiva, o golfe, foi apreendida como uma tradição no processo de construção identitária de um país africano, Cabo Verde, arquipélago localizado na costa oeste da África, colônia de Portugal até1975.

In this study we did not adopt the understanding that, in Africa, traditional practices are necessarily manifestations "tribal" or prior to the arrival of the colonizer. We believe that in many cases, the idea is that related to traditional building representationsconsolidation processes deployed in national identity. Based on this consideration, the aim of this paper is to discuss how a sport, golf has been perceived as a tradition in the process of identity construction of an African country, Cape Verde, an archipelago located on the west coast of Africa, a colony of Portugal until 1975.

Multiple Cervical Spinous Process Fractures in a Novice Golf Player

Avulsion of spinous process, also called Clay-shoveler's fracture, is most prevalent among those engaged in hard physical labor. To the best of the author's knowledge, only one case of multiple spinous process fractures of the upper thoracic spine in a novice golfer has been reported. A 45-year-old female presented with intractable posterior neck pain. The patient experienced a sharp, sudden pain on the neck while swinging a golf club, immediately after the club head struck the ground. Dynamic cervical radiographic findings were C6 and C7 spinous process fractures. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed C6 and C7 spinous process fractures without spinal cord pathology. The patient was treated with pain medications and cervical bracing. The patient's pain gradually improved. The injury mechanism was speculated to be similar to Clay-shoveler's fracture. Lower cervical spinous process fractures can be associated with a golf swing. If the patient complains of long lasting neck pain and has a history of golf activity, further study should be conducted to rule out lower cervical spinous fracture.